With loads of new innovations in the gobo projector light category, it can be challenging to understand the main terminology. Baykal company compiled this glossary list of gobo lighting terms to help you navigate your next event.
1. Lumen
2 .Resolution
3. Screen gain
4. Luminous flux
5. Brightness
6. Illumination
7. Luminous intensity
8. Standard resolution
9 . Projection distance
10. Screen aspect ratio
11. Color
12.Nominal luminous brightness uniformity value
13. Lamp
14. Power supply
15. Uniformity
1.Lumens
In 1992, the American National Bureau of Standards on the large screen display brightness characterization method for a unified specification, measurement, the display area is evenly divided into nine rectangular cells, measured the center of each small rectangle brightness, take the average (expressed in lux), and then multiply the measurement at the display area, the results are ANSI lumens.
2.Resolution
For the resolution of the image, the signal is divided into digital images and analog images.
Digital image resolution is the product of the number of pixels reflecting the whole image screen in vertical and horizontal directions.
Analog image resolution refers to the maximum number of scan lines reflecting the entire screen.
For display devices, the resolution is also divided into digital and analog. Only the digital image resolution is the product of the number of pixels in the vertical and horizontal directions that the hardware base itself can reflect. Analog image resolution is the maximum number of scan lines that the hardware itself can achieve.
3.Screen gain
For the front projection screen, the gain is the ratio of the reflected light flux to the incident light flux; while for the rear projection screen, the gain is the ratio of the transmitted light flux to the incident light flux.
4. Luminous flux
The amount of light emitted by the light source in a unit of time is called the luminous flux of the light source (F). The unit of luminous flux in lumens (lm).
5. Luminance
Luminance L (j, q) is the light source in a certain direction of the unit projection area (S × cosq), the amount of luminous flux radiated in the unit stereo angle.
The luminance of the light source in a given direction is its luminous intensity on the unit projection surface in that direction.
Select the appropriate brightness according to different presentation environments.
Presentation environment Projector optimal brightness
Within 100 square meters (about 50 people) 1000 ANSI lumens or more
100-200 square meters (about 100 people) 1500-2000 ANSI lumens
200 square meters (150 people or more) 2500ANSI lumens or more
6. Illuminance
The number of luminous flux received per unit of light area (S), called illuminance (E). The unit of illuminance is lux (lux).
1 lumen of luminous flux uniformly distributed in an area of 1 square meter of illuminance for 1 lux.
7. Luminous intensity
Light source in a given direction (j, q) unit stereo angle (W) in the radiation of the luminous flux called in the direction of the luminous intensity (I).
In photometry, the unit of luminous intensity is used as the basic unit. The unit of luminous intensity is the candle (cd) or candela. The earliest was the luminous intensity of a certain size of the candle as a standard, and later with the availability of electric lights, a certain size of electric light was used as the standard light source. However, the reproducibility and stability of these two methods are poor, so from 1948, the use of black bodies as the standard, its 600,000 square meters of the surface of the vertical direction of the luminous intensity set a candle (cd) or candela.
1 lumen = luminous intensity of 1-candela point light source, the luminous flux emitted in the unit stereo angle.
1 lux = luminous intensity of 1-candela point light source in the radius of 1 meter on the surface of the sphere to produce the light illumination.
8. Standard resolution
The number of pixels (or dots) that make up an image, the higher the number of pixels the higher the resolution, the more delicate and smooth the display. High resolution allows more information to be displayed. VGA=640×480, SVGA=800×600, XGA=1024×1024.
There are three types of resolution: addressable resolution, RGB resolution, and video resolution. For CRT projectors, addressable resolution refers to the highest pixel that can be resolved by the projector tube, which is mainly determined by the focusing performance of the projector tube and is an important parameter of the projector tube quality index. Addressable resolution should be higher than R, G, B resolution, R, G, B resolution refers to the highest pixel that can be achieved when the projector is connected to R, G, B resolution video signal, such as the resolution of 1024 x 768 means horizontal resolution is 1024, the vertical resolution is 768, RGB resolution is related to horizontal scan frequency, vertical scan frequency, and video bandwidth. Video resolution refers to the highest resolution of the projection when displaying composite video.
9. Projection distance
The effective distance of the projector from the projection screen.
10.Screen aspect ratio
An image or screen width and height ratio, the general projection of the aspect ratio of 4:3, basically also compatible with the 16:9 mode.
11.Color
It is the richness of colors that can be reflected in the projected image. The larger the number, the richer the color the projector can provide. Almost all projectors currently have a color count of 16.7 million colors. This number is derived from the RGB ternary color combination. That is, it is 256 x 256 x 256 = 16777216.
12. Uniformity of nominal luminance
Uniformity refers to the difference between the brightest and darkest parts of the projector image. Generally speaking, the brightest part of the projector will be the central part of the picture, and the darkest part will be the edge of the picture. Therefore, the higher the uniformity, the higher the consistency from the center to the edges of the image, and the lower the uniformity, the more severe the brightness discrepancy.
13. Bulb
The former projectors commonly used metal halide bulbs, such as the nineties Sharp projectors, mainly video machines, such as 315, 370, 3300, 7000, T2Z, PN500, etc. The advantage of metal halide lamps is the cheap price, the disadvantage is the short half-life, generally use about 1000 hours will reduce the brightness to about half of the original, and due to the high heat generation, high requirements for the projector cooling system, should not do a long time (more than 4 hours) projection use. Now most of the recent use of UHE, UHP cold light source lamp, mainly for multimedia projectors. the advantage of the UHE lamp is moderate price, in the use of 4000 hours before the brightness almost no decay. The UHE lamp is the ideal light source for mid-range projectors, and the UHP lamp has the advantage of long life, generally lasting more than 4,000 hours, with minimal brightness degradation. The projector’s light bulb is generally not interchangeable, so be sure to know when you buy a projector so that you don’t run out of bulbs and can’t buy the right bulb and cause the projector to be scrapped.
14. Power supply power
The lower the power supply power, the less heat the machine generates so that the machine’s continuous projection time is long. For the safety of use, projectors are generally equipped with overheat protection devices.
15. Uniformity
It is the ratio of the brightness in the middle of the projected image to the brightness around. Generally, the middle is defined as 100%.
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